U.S. banks accounted for 81 of the 500 most valuable and strongest bank brands around the world on Brand Finance’s Banking 500 2019 list, released this week.

Led by the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, the world’s most valuable banking brand (at $79.8 billion), Chinese banks comprised the top four banks on the consultancy’s annual list. Wells Fargo, Bank of America, Citibank and Chase took the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth spots on the list, respectively.

According to Brand Finance’s accompanying report, Chinese banks grew 28%, achieving $407 billion in total brand value, over $100 billion more than U.S. banks. All U.S. banks on the list improved their brand value in 2018, with the exception of Wells Fargo (-9%), Chase (-7%), and BankUnited (-6%). Overall, the U.S. had five more banks on the top 500 list this year than it did in 2018.

Wells Fargo, despite being the highest-ranking U.S. bank, “experienced a number of challenges around reputation,” the report said. Its brand value declined 9% to $39.9 billion. Chase was the only other U.S. bank in the top ten to witness a decline, down 7% to $36.3 billion.

“Despite being in a healthier state due to early regulatory intervention in the global financial crisis, many U.S. banks are hampered by perception issues,” the report said. “Proprietary consumer research conducted by Brand Finance revealed U.S. banks fare badly in terms of reputation and providing value for money.”

Citi posted the biggest gains of the U.S. banks in the top ten, up 18% to $36.4 billion in 2019 from $30.8 billion in 2018. The report put Citi in its brand spotlight, saying the bank’s brand is more valuable than ever, and over three times more valuable than in 2009.

“Clever sponsorship alignment across various touchpoints, such as the public bikes scheme in New York and trendy entertainment events, are well thought-out engagement channels that communicate emotional closeness and trust to customers,” the report said.

Also see: Consumer Expectation of Brand Trust is on the Rise

China and the U.S. accounted for the lion’s share of total bank brand value. China at $407 billion, accounted for 30%, followed by the U.S. at $297 billion, which accounted for 21.9%. The next highest total value by country belonged to Canada, at $67.5 billion, or just 5% of the global total.

In the grand scheme of things, banking is lagging behind other sectors.

“Banking brands continue to struggle to earn the respect of consumers, taking joint last place globally for overall reputation, alongside telecoms,” the report said. “In banking, reputation is recovering only slowly since the days of the global financial crisis, and while there are always winners and losers, reputation scores this year are broadly flat in many markets.”

Brand Finance said banks generally score poorly for trust and are “not seen as especially innovative or delivering good value,” and are “generally unloved” in key markets such as China and the U.S.

Additionally, the report said the European banking system is experiencing significant hurdles “due to a less active approach to the financial crisis,” and as a result, brand values have fallen and customer satisfaction is at an all-time low. Germany, for example, saw its banks lose 24% of their overall brand value, with Deutsche Bank being the only German brand to make the top 100.